How To Run C Program In Dev

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  1. Dev C++ Example Programs
  2. How To Run C Program In Dev Cpp
  3. How To Run C Program In Command Prompt Using Dev C++
  4. How To Run A C Program In Dev C
  5. Microsoft Dev Program
  6. How To Run C File

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Visual C++ includes a C compiler that you can use to create everything from basic console programs to full Windows Desktop applications, mobile apps, and more.

This walkthrough shows how to create a basic, 'Hello, World'-style C program by using a text editor, and then compile it on the command line. If you'd rather work in C++ on the command line, see Walkthrough: Compiling a Native C++ Program on the Command Line. If you'd like to try the Visual Studio IDE instead of using the command line, see Walkthrough: Working with Projects and Solutions (C++) or Using the Visual Studio IDE for C++ Desktop Development.

Prerequisites

To complete this walkthrough, you must have installed either Visual Studio and the optional Visual C++ components, or the Build Tools for Visual Studio.

Visual Studio is a powerful integrated development environment that supports a full-featured editor, resource managers, debuggers, and compilers for many languages and platforms. For information on these features and how to download and install Visual Studio, including the free Visual Studio Community edition, see Install Visual Studio.

The Build Tools for Visual Studio version of Visual Studio installs only the command-line toolset, the compilers, tools, and libraries you need to build C and C++ programs. It's perfect for build labs or classroom exercises and installs relatively quickly. To install only the command-line toolset, download Build Tools for Visual Studio from the Visual Studio downloads page and run the installer. In the Visual Studio installer, select the C++ build tools workload, and choose Install.

Before you can build a C or C++ program on the command line, you must verify that the tools are installed, and that you can access them from the command line. Visual C++ has complex requirements for the command-line environment to find the tools, headers, and libraries it uses. You can't use Visual C++ in a plain command prompt window without some preparation. You need a developer command prompt window, which is a regular command prompt window that has all the required environment variables set. Fortunately, Visual C++ installs shortcuts for you to launch developer command prompts that have the environment set up for command line builds. Unfortunately, the names of the developer command prompt shortcuts and where they're located are different in almost every version of Visual C++ and on different versions of Windows. Your first walkthrough task is to find the right shortcut to use.

Note

A developer command prompt shortcut automatically sets the correct paths for the compiler and tools, and for any required headers and libraries. Some of these values are different for each build configuration. You must set these environment values yourself if you don't use one of the shortcuts. For more information, see Set the Path and Environment Variables for Command-Line Builds. Because the build environment is complex, we strongly recommend you use a developer command prompt shortcut instead of building your own.

These instructions vary depending on which version of Visual Studio you are using. To see the documentation for your preferred version of Visual Studio, use the Version selector control. It's found at the top of the table of contents on this page.

Open a developer command prompt in Visual Studio 2019

If you have installed Visual Studio 2019 on Windows 10, open the Start menu, and then scroll down and open the Visual Studio 2019 folder (not the Visual Studio 2019 app). Choose Developer Command Prompt for VS 2019 to open the command prompt window.

If you're using a different version of Windows, look in your Start menu or Start page for a Visual Studio tools folder that contains a developer command prompt shortcut. You can also use the Windows search function to search for 'developer command prompt' and choose one that matches your installed version of Visual Studio. Use the shortcut to open the command prompt window.

Open a developer command prompt in Visual Studio 2017

If you have installed Visual Studio 2017 on Windows 10, open the Start menu, and then scroll down and open the Visual Studio 2017 folder (not the Visual Studio 2017 app). Choose Developer Command Prompt for VS 2017 to open the command prompt window.

If you're running a different version of Windows, look in your Start menu or Start page for a Visual Studio tools folder that contains a developer command prompt shortcut. You can also use the Windows search function to search for 'developer command prompt' and choose one that matches your installed version of Visual Studio. Use the shortcut to open the command prompt window.

Open a developer command prompt in Visual Studio 2015

If you have installed Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 on Windows 10, open the Start menu, and then scroll down and open the Visual C++ Build Tools folder. Choose Visual C++ 2015 x86 Native Tools Command Prompt to open the command prompt window.

Dev C++ Example Programs

If you're running a different version of Windows, look in your Start menu or Start page for a Visual Studio tools folder that contains a developer command prompt shortcut. You can also use the Windows search function to search for 'developer command prompt' and choose one that matches your installed version of Visual Studio. Use the shortcut to open the command prompt window.

Next, verify that the Visual C++ developer command prompt is set up correctly. In the command prompt window, enter cl and verify that the output looks something like this:

There may be differences in the current directory or version numbers, depending on the version of Visual C++ and any updates installed. If the above output is similar to what you see, then you're ready to build C or C++ programs at the command line.

Note

If you get an error such as 'cl' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file,' error C1034, or error LNK1104 when you run the cl command, then either you are not using a developer command prompt, or something is wrong with your installation of Visual C++. You must fix this issue before you can continue.

If you can't find the developer command prompt shortcut, or if you get an error message when you enter cl, then your Visual C++ installation may have a problem. If you're using Visual Studio 2017 or later, try reinstalling the Desktop development with C++ workload in the Visual Studio installer. For details, see Install C++ support in Visual Studio. Or, reinstall the Build Tools from the Visual Studio downloads page. Don't go on to the next section until this works. For more information about installing and troubleshooting Visual Studio, see Install Visual Studio.

Note

Depending on the version of Windows on the computer and the system security configuration, you might have to right-click to open the shortcut menu for the developer command prompt shortcut and then choose Run as Administrator to successfully build and run the program that you create by following this walkthrough.

Create a C source file and compile it on the command line

  1. In the developer command prompt window, enter cd c: to change the current working directory to the root of your C: drive. Next, enter md c:simple to create a directory, and then enter cd c:simple to change to that directory. This directory will hold your source file and the compiled program.

  2. Enter notepad simple.c at the developer command prompt. In the Notepad alert dialog that pops up, choose Yes to create a new simple.c file in your working directory.

  3. In Notepad, enter the following lines of code:

  4. On the Notepad menu bar, choose File > Save to save simple.c in your working directory.

  5. Switch back to the developer command prompt window. Enter dir at the command prompt to list the contents of the c:simple directory. You should see the source file simple.c in the directory listing, which looks something like:

    The dates and other details will differ on your computer. If you don't see your source code file, simple.c, make sure you've changed to the c:simple directory you created, and in Notepad, make sure that you saved your source file in this directory. Also make sure that you saved the source code with a .c file name extension, not a .txt extension.

  6. To compile your program, enter cl simple.c at the developer command prompt.

    You can see the executable program name, simple.exe, in the lines of output information that the compiler displays:

    Note

    If you get an error such as 'cl' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file,' error C1034, or error LNK1104, your developer command prompt is not set up correctly. For information on how to fix this issue, go back to the Open a developer command prompt section.

    Note

    If you get a different compiler or linker error or warning, review your source code to correct any errors, then save it and run the compiler again. For information about specific errors, use the search box at the top of this page to look for the error number.

  7. To run your program, enter simple at the command prompt.

    The program displays this text and then exits:

    Congratulations, you've compiled and run a C program by using the command line.

Next steps

This 'Hello, World' example is about as simple as a C program can get. Real world programs have header files and more source files, link in libraries, and do useful work.

You can use the steps in this walkthrough to build your own C code instead of typing the sample code shown. You can also build many C code sample programs that you find elsewhere. To compile a program that has additional source code files, enter them all on the command line, like:

cl file1.c file2.c file3.c

The compiler outputs a program called file1.exe. To change the name to program1.exe, add an /out linker option:

cl file1.c file2.c file3.c /link /out:program1.exe

And to catch more programming mistakes automatically, we recommend you compile by using either the /W3 or /W4 warning level option:

cl /W4 file1.c file2.c file3.c /link /out:program1.exe

The compiler, cl.exe, has many more options you can apply to build, optimize, debug, and analyze your code. For a quick list, enter cl /? at the developer command prompt. You can also compile and link separately and apply linker options in more complex build scenarios. For more information on compiler and linker options and usage, see C/C++ Building Reference.

How To Run C Program In Dev Cpp

You can use NMAKE and makefiles, or MSBuild and project files to configure and build more complex projects on the command line. For more information on using these tools, see NMAKE Reference and MSBuild.

The C and C++ languages are similar, but not the same. The Microsoft C/C++ compiler (MSVC) uses a simple rule to determine which language to use when it compiles your code. By default, the MSVC compiler treats all files that end in .c as C source code, and all files that end in .cpp as C++ source code. To force the compiler to treat all files as C non-dependent of file name extension, use the /Tc compiler option.

MSVC is compatible with the ISO C99 standard, but not strictly compliant. In most cases, portable C code will compile and run as expected. Visual C++ doesn't support most of the changes in ISO C11. Certain library functions and POSIX function names are deprecated by MSVC. The functions are supported, but the preferred names have changed. For more information, see Security Features in the CRT and Compiler Warning (level 3) C4996.

See also

Walkthrough: Creating a Standard C++ Program (C++)
C Language Reference
Projects and build systems
Compatibility

What is Dev-C++?
Dev-C++, developed by Bloodshed Software, is a fully featured graphical IDE (Integrated Development Environment), which is able to create Windows or console-based C/C++ programs using the MinGW compiler system. MinGW (Minimalist GNU* for Windows) uses GCC (the GNU g++ compiler collection), which is essentially the same compiler system that is in Cygwin (the unix environment program for Windows) and most versions of Linux. There are, however, differences between Cygwin and MinGW; link to Differences between Cygwin and MinGW for more information.

Click picture to enlarge.

Bloodshed!?
I'll be the first to say that the name Bloodshed won't give you warm and fuzzies, but I think it's best if the creator of Bloodshed explains:

First I would like to say that I am not a satanist, that I hate violence/war and that I don't like heavy metal / hard-rock music. I am french, but I do know the meaning of the 'Bloodshed' word, and I use this name because I think it sounds well. If you are offended by the name, I am very sorry but it would be a big mess to change the name now.Run

There's also a reason why I keep the Bloodshed name. I don't want people to think Bloodshed is a company, because it isn't. I'm just doing this to help people.

Here is a good remark on the Bloodshed name I received from JohnS:
I assumed that this was a reference to the time and effort it requires of you to make these nice software programs, a la 'Blood, Sweat and Tears'.

Peace and freedom,

Colin Laplace

Getting Dev-C++
The author has released Dev-C++ as free software (under GPL) but also offers a CD for purchase which can contain all Bloodshed software (it's customizable), including Dev-C++ with all updates/patches.

Link to Bloodshed Dev-C++ for a list of Dev-C++ download sites.

You should let the installer put Dev-C++ in the default directory of C:Dev-Cpp, as it will make it easier to later install add-ons or upgrades.

Using Dev-C++
This section is probably why you are here.

All programming done for CSCI-2025 will require separate compilation projects (i.e. class header file(s), class implementation file(s) and a main/application/client/driver file). This process is relatively easy as long as you know what Dev-C++ requires to do this. In this page you will be given instructions using the Project menu choice. In another handout you will be given instructions on how to manually compile, link and execute C++ files at the command prompt of a command window. See here.

Step 1: Configure Dev-C++.
We need to modify one of the default settings to allow you to use the debugger with your programs.

  • Go to the 'Tools' menu and select 'Compiler Options'.
  • In the 'Settings' tab, click on 'Linker' in the left panel, and change 'Generate debugging information' to 'Yes':
  • Click 'OK'.

Step 2: Create a new project.
A 'project' can be considered as a container that is used to store all the elements that are required to compile a program.

  • Go to the 'File' menu and select 'New', 'Project...'.
  • Choose 'Empty Project' and make sure 'C++ project' is selected.
    Here you will also give your project a name. You can give your project any valid filename, but keep in mind that the name of your project will also be the name of your final executable.
  • Once you have entered a name for your project, click 'OK'.
  • Dev-C++ will now ask you where to save your project.

Step 3: Create/add source file(s).
You can add empty source files one of two ways:

  • Go to the 'File' menu and select 'New Source File' (or just press CTRL+N) OR
  • Go to the 'Project' menu and select 'New File'.
    Note that Dev-C++ will not ask for a filename for any new source file until you attempt to:
    1. Compile
    2. Save the project
    3. Save the source file
    4. Exit Dev-C++

You can add pre-existing source files one of two ways:
  • Go to the 'Project' menu and select 'Add to Project' OR
  • Right-click on the project name in the left-hand panel and select 'Add to Project'.
EXAMPLE: Multiple source files
In this example, more than 3 files are required to compile the program; The 'driver.cpp' file references 'Deque.h' (which requires 'Deque.cpp') and 'Deque.cpp' references 'Queue.h' (which requires 'Queue.cpp').

Step 4: Compile.
Once you have entered all of your source code, you are ready to compile.

  • Go to the 'Execute' menu and select 'Compile' (or just press CTRL+F9).

    It is likely that you will get some kind of compiler or linker error the first time you attempt to compile a project. Syntax errors will be displayed in the 'Compiler' tab at the bottom of the screen. You can double-click on any error to take you to the place in the source code where it occurred. The 'Linker' tab will flash if there are any linker errors. Linker errors are generally the result of syntax errors not allowing one of the files to compile.

Once your project successfully compiles, the 'Compile Progress' dialog box will have a status of 'Done'. At this point, you may click 'Close'.

Step 5: Execute.
You can now run your program.

  • Go to the 'Execute' menu, choose 'Run'.
Note: to pass command-line parameters to your program, go to the 'Execute' menu, choose 'Parameters' and type in any paramaters you wish to pass.

Disappearing windows
If you execute your program (with or without parameters), you may notice something peculiar; a console window will pop up, flash some text and disappear. The problem is that, if directly executed, console program windows close after the program exits. You can solve this problem one of two ways:

  • Method 1 - Adding one library call:
    On the line before the main's return enter:
    system('Pause');
  • Method 2 - Scaffolding:
    Add the following code before any return statement in main() or any exit() or abort() statement (in any function):
    /* Scaffolding code for testing purposes */
    cin.ignore(256, 'n');
    cout << 'Press ENTER to continue...'<< endl;
    cin.get();
    /* End Scaffolding */
    This will give you a chance to view any output before the program terminates and the window closes.
  • Method 3 - Command-prompt:
    Alternatively, instead of using Dev-C++ to invoke your program, you can just open an MS-DOS Prompt, go to the directory where your program was compiled (i.e. where you saved the project) and enter the program name (along with any parameters). The command-prompt window will not close when the program terminates.

For what it's worth, I use the command-line method.

Step 6: Debug.
When things aren't happening the way you planned, a source-level debugger can be a great tool in determining what really is going on. Dev-C++'s basic debugger functions are controlled via the 'Debug' tab at the bottom of the screen; more advanced functions are available in the 'Debug' menu.

Using the debugger:
The various features of the debugger are pretty obvious. Click the 'Run to cursor' icon to run your program and pause at the current source code cursor location; Click 'Next Step' to step through the code; Click 'Add Watch' to monitor variables.
Setting breakpoints is as easy as clicking in the black space next to the line in the source code.
See the Dev-C++ help topic 'Debugging Your Program' for more information.

How To Run C Program In Command Prompt Using Dev C++

Dev-C++ User F.A.Q.

Why do I keep getting errors about 'cout', 'cin', and 'endl' being undeclared?
It has to do with namespaces. You need to add the following line after the includes of your implementation (.cpp) files:

How do I use the C++ string class?
Again, it probably has to do with namespaces. First of all, make sure you '#include <string>' (not string.h). Next, make sure you add 'using namespace std;' after your includes.

How To Run A C Program In Dev C

Example:

That's it for now.
I am not a Dev-C++ expert by any means (in fact, I do not teach C++ nor use it on a regular basis), but if you have any questions, feel free to email me at jaime@cs.uno.edu

Microsoft Dev Program

Happy coding!

How To Run C File